西南印度洋中脊表层沉积物非碳酸盐组分的粒度特征及其地质意义

The carbonate-free fraction of 20 surface sediments collected from the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge(SWIR) was studied by grain size analysis and mineralogical analysis with X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),stereo microscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The characteristics of the carbonate-free fraction of the sediments were obtained, and related influential factors were discussed. The results show that the mean grain size of this fraction is in 1.96Φ–8.19Φ, with poorly sorting and unimodal, bimodal or irregular bimodal distribution patterns. Four grain size end members of the fraction are derived with the End Member Model method. The finest end member EM1 shows a significant contribution of terrigenous materials of the aeolian input and sediment carried by the bottom current. End member EM2 with medium size mainly reflects sediment of a siliceous bioclast origin. EM3 and EM4 are interpreted as representing the coarser volcanic materials related to bedrock weathering or volcanic activities. Multi-provenance is the dominant factor controlling the grain size pattern of the carbonate-free fraction of the sediments in that area. In addition, sediment transport processes such as the bottom current and wind are the minor factors that influence the grain size distribution of the carbonate-free fraction sediments.     

复合蛋白源替代鱼粉对大菱鲆生长、体组成和表观消化率的影响

本实验旨在研究谷朊粉、宠物级鸡肉粉、脱脂肉骨粉、豆粕和玉米蛋白粉复合替代0%(对照组,CON)、35%(FM35)、50%(FM50)、65%(FM65)、80%(FM80)鱼粉对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)生长、体组成和表观消化率的影响。设计5组等氮等能(粗蛋白52%,总能19kJ/g)的饲料,养殖鱼初重(8.63±0.01)g,养殖周期9周。结果显示,替代组体末重、增重率和特定生长率显著低于CON(P0.05),而摄食率和成活率各处理组之间没有显著变化(P0.05)。替代组饲料效率和蛋白质效率随着替代水平的升高而降低,FM65和FM80饲料效率和FM80蛋白质效率显著低于CON(P0.05)。复合蛋白替代鱼粉对鱼体水分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪没有显著影响(P0.05),但替代组鱼体灰分显著高于CON(P0.05)。除FM35干物质表观消化率与CON没有显著差异(P0.05),其他替代组的干物质和粗蛋白表观消化率均显著低于CON(P0.05)。研究表明,该比例复合蛋白源替代鱼粉水平应不超过35%。     

京津冀平原区植被覆盖变化及地下水开采对其影响分析

使用京津冀平原区2000—2019 MODIS NDVI数据,采用像元二分模型、线性回归分析、趋势分析等方法,估算分析近20年京津冀平原区植被覆盖度的时空变化趋势,结合地下水开采数据,分析地下水开采对其的影响.研究结果表明:近20年京津冀平原区植被覆盖度呈不显著下降趋势,下降速度为0.017/10 a;京津冀平原区植被覆盖度变化趋势主要为轻微改善和轻微退化,两者占比69.97％,严重退化区占比11.94％,邯郸市和邢台市植被覆盖度退化尤为严重,植被覆盖度明显改善占比为5.34％,改善的地区主要分布在沧州、衡水、天津的一些小区县;京津冀平原区地下水不同开采程度区域的植被覆盖度并未表现出明显差异性变化,地下水开采对植被覆盖度影响不显著.     

基于飞机观测资料的石家庄秋季对流层CH4垂直分布特征

为研究石家庄秋季对流层内CH₄垂直分布特征,2018年9月使用“空中国王350”飞机搭载Picarro温室气体在线观测仪和气象要素观测设备,对石家庄上空（600—5500 m）CH₄浓度进行探测。探测期间共飞行7架次,取得7条CH₄浓度廓线数据。结果表明: 石家庄上空近地面层（1000 m以下）CH₄平均浓度与同时间段区域背景站上甸子站CH₄浓度呈显著正相关（r=0.81,P < 0.03）。探测到的CH₄浓度最小值为1898×10^-9摩尔分数,最大值为2219×10^-9摩尔分数,平均浓度为1981×10^-9摩尔分数。观测得到的7条廓线均有较好的一致性,2000 m以上,浓度均随高度呈先增大后减小的趋势。利用后向轨迹模式（HYSPLIT）对探测时段内石家庄上空不同高度层主要气流传输路径进行统计分析表明,600 m高度输送路径较短,CH₄浓度受本地排放影响较大; 3000 m受输送作用影响较大,偏西和西南路径可能将较高CH₄浓度气团输送至石家庄上空; 5000 m气团传输对CH₄浓度影响较小,浓度相对较稳定,对传输路径的变化不敏感。     

Geochemical characteristics of island-arc volcanic rocks in the Nan-Nam Pat-Phetchabun zone,northern Thailand

Late Permian-Early Triassic (P₂-T₁) volcanic rocks distributed on the eastern side of ocean-ridge and oceanic-island basalts in the Nan-Uttaradit zone were analyzed from aspects of petrographic characteristics, rock assemblage, REE, trace elements, geotectonic setting, etc., indicating that those volcanic rocks possess the characteristic features of island-arc volcanic rocks. The volcanic rock assemblage is basalt-basaltic andesite-andesite. The volcanic rocks are sub-alkaline, dominated by calc-alkaline series, with tholeiite series coming next. The chemical composition of the volcanic rocks is characterized by low TiO₂ and K₂O and high Al₂O₃ and Na₂O. Their REE patterns are of the flat, weak LREE-enrichment right-inclined type. The trace elements are characterized by the enrichment of large cation elements such as K, Rb and Ba, common enrichment of U and Th, and depletion of Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf. The petrochemical plot falls within the field of volcanic rocks, in consistency with the plot of island-arc volcanic rocks in the Jinsha River zone of China. This island-arc volcanic zone, together with the ocean-ridge/oceanic island type volcanic rocks in the Nan-Uttaradit zone, constitutes the ocean-ridge volcanic rock-island-arc magmatic rock zones which are distributed in pairs, indicating that the oceanic crust of the Nan-Uttaradit zone once was of eastward subduction. This work is of great significance in exploring the evolution of paleo-Tethys in the Nan-Uttaradit zone.     

相干体技术在煤矿断层及陷落柱精细解释中的应用

根据相干体技术原理和主要参数选取原则,对五阳矿区进行了以断层和陷落柱为主要研究对象的解释工作。应用实例表明：相干体技术可有效解决本区断层断点较多、切割关系复杂、空间展布规律难以把握和常规解释误差较大等问题;同时,对不规则环状相邻陷落柱的边界及直径较小的陷落柱都有十分灵敏的反映,特别是对较大断层附近的微小构造也可作出较为可靠的解释。     

中沙大环礁四种大型海藻的光生理特征比较及其对升温的响应*

生活于珊瑚礁区的大型海藻可以与珊瑚一起为礁栖生物提供食物和栖息地, 它们在维护珊瑚礁生态系统生物多样性中起着极为重要的作用。本论文比较研究了生活于我国南海中沙大环礁区4种优势海藻的生化组分、光合特征及其对海水升温的生理响应,其中厚膜藻(Grateloupia ellipitica)和粉枝藻(Liagora samaensis)为红藻, 钙扇藻(Udotea flabellum)和仙掌藻(Halimeda discoidea)为绿藻。结果显示, 与绿藻相比, 红藻藻体叶绿素(Chl a)和类胡萝卜素含量更低且含有藻胆素, 红藻的光补偿点(E_C)和呼吸速率(R_d)均显著低于绿藻。海水升温提高了4种海藻的光能利用效率(α)、E_C、R_d和日净光合固碳量; 同时, 升温还降低红藻的饱和光强(E_K)、提高绿藻的最大光合放氧速率(P_max)。结果还显示, 海水升温在光强较低时提高红藻的光合放氧速率, 光强较高时则降低其放氧速率; 升温也提高绿藻的光合放氧速率, 但光强变化对升温效应的影响不显著。基于4种海藻的光生理特征以及升温效应的种间差异性可见, 短时间升温(~4℃)有利于中沙大环礁区海藻的光合作用; 与绿藻相比, 该升温效应更有利于红藻。     

浅谈土地财政的成效及改进思路——以莱芜市为例

土地财政是特定历史条件下经济发展到一定阶段的产物,在我国工业化、城市化进程中,土地财政发挥了重要作用。该文通过分析土地财政的成因、政策机理与历史成效,对土地财政提出可行性建议。     

珠江广州河段水环境中多环芳烃的组成及其垂直分布特征

对珠江广州河段白鹅潭水域采集水柱一条,并按 6 层采集水样,根据美国 EPA 标准对多环芳烃进行了定量分析.结果显示,广州河段水环境中多环芳烃和 16 种优控多环芳烃浓度范围分别为 2 602.4 ～ 5 145.2 ng/L和 987.1～ 2 878.5 ng/L;颗粒相和溶解相多环芳烃的含量范围分别为 1 249.3 ～ 3 614.9 ng/L和 919.6 ～ 2 848.8 ng/L.多环芳烃垂向分布特征具有环数越高,其在水柱中下层水体中的含量越高特征,表明水柱可明显分为上层和中下层两层水体,两层水体多环芳烃的组成、污染物的输入方式均有较大的差异,中下层水体高环数的多环芳烃与河口水动力条件密切相关;初步分析表明在涨、落急过程中随流速加大可能引起表层沉积物再悬浮作用造成二次污染.     

DIETARY PHOSPHORUS REQUIREMENT OF YOUNG ABALONE, HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI INO.

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